1 Figures marked signify estimated or substituted values where official regional data was unavailable due to small sample sizes or disclosure controls. Income estimates are derived by scaling the national trade median in proportion to the regional all-occupation median. Employment growth, working hours and self-employment figures are substituted with the national rate for that trade. See the about the data section for full estimation and substitution methodologies.
2 Housing affordability, cost of living and insurance cost metrics are calculated using the income figures in this table, including estimated values where applicable.
3 Scottish median house prices are sourced from Registers of Scotland (Q3 2025). All other regions use ONS UK HPI (year ending September 2025).
4 Weekly expenditure figures are ONS Family Spending three-year averages adjusted to September 2025 prices using the CPIH All Items index.